Improve any system by analyzing it.

When considering the consequence of action, consider what other people are likely to do.
Since our interests may conflict with others, the outcome of our decision often depends on what others will do. What other people do may depend on what they think we will do, their choices, interests, and how they think - including their misjudgments. As we have learned, humans don't always act rationally.

Find out the system’s constraints.
It is useful when you try to improve the performance of a system. It may be physical (capacity, material, the market) or nonphysical (policies, rules, measurements) - and its cause and effect relationship with the system.

Watch out for other effects.
Wanted or unwanted—that pop up as a consequence. Always consider the effects on the whole system.